解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Thirty-six indigent patients hospitalized within 6 months of study initiation and who met criteria were enrolled in a 6-month assistance program to determine if provision of both medical care and prescription drugs at no cost would be associated with a change in overall health care charges secondary to a change in the...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1592/phco.20.3.217.34781
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Combination antiretroviral therapy including protease inhibitors such as ritonavir has added significant potency to therapy for human immunodeficiency viral (HIV) infection as well as substantial drug-drug interactions. Methadone metabolism is affected by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 inhibitors or inducers. Because riton...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1592/phco.20.1.93.34654
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Levodopa is one of the principal agents administered to treat patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Several pharmacologic strategies can limit its side effects and enhance its activity. Although certain exceptions apply, dosage adjustments and drug changes should be instituted slowly. Levodopa is typically introduce...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1592/phco.20.2.33s.34632
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We conducted an extensive literature review to evaluate the appropriate use, route, and dose of vitamin K to reverse excessive anticoagulation. Issues such as sample size, study design, different patient populations, and various study end points confounded results. Of 18 studies published, 8 enrolled 229 patients to e...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1592/phco.19.18.1415.30896
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effect of a potent experimental leukotriene receptor antagonist, MK-571, on airway responses to inhaled allergen. DESIGN:Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. SETTING:Clinical research center. SUBJECTS:Eight male volunteers with allergic asthma. INTERVENTIONS...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1592/phco.19.16.1243.30878
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A man anticoagulated with warfarin 57.5 mg/week (international normalized ratio [INR] 1.94) was diagnosed with nonsmall cell lung cancer and prescribed weekly gemcitabine. With the first dose of the first cycle, his INR rose to 3.52, and his weekly warfarin dose was decreased to 52.5 mg. The lower warfarin dose was co...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1592/phco.19.16.1331.30873
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rapacuronium is a new steroidal, nondepolarizing, neuromuscular blocking agent. It appears to be the least potent of all available nondepolarizing muscle relaxants. Its onset of action resembles that of succinylcholine, and its recovery times are shorter than those of other nondepolarizing agents. The clinical duratio...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1592/phco.19.15.1118.30572
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We characterized the effects of peracetic acid-hydrogen peroxide (PAHP) reprocessing on hemodialyzer permeability to water and solutes of various molecular weights and compared these effects within and between dialyzers. An aqueous-based solution containing urea, creatinine, vancomycin, inulin, myoglobin, and albumin ...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1592/phco.19.13.1042.31587
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and methicillin-oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) originally predominated in large medical centers; however, these isolates are now common in community hospitals and community clinics. No simple answer is available regarding control of antimicrobial-resistant bacte...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1592/phco.19.12.129s.31702
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diurnal variation in plasma norepinephrine (PNE) levels is well documented in healthy individuals but not in patients with heart failure. Therefore, we attempted to determine variations in PNE levels over 24 hours, measured hourly, in six patients with an ejection fraction below 40% and a history of heart failure of l...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1592/phco.19.11.984.31571
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinicians are increasingly faced with the need to identify, treat, and counsel patients regarding psychotropic drug-induced sexual dysfunction. Antipsychotic and antidepressant drugs have both rational mechanisms to explain their effects on sexual function and established literature documenting these effects. The age...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1592/phco.19.10.823.31553
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 38-year-old woman with type 1 diabetes underwent kidney-pancreas transplantation. Her postoperative course was complicated due to recurrent acute graft rejections and pancreatitis. After initial immunosuppression with microemulsion cyclosporine, mycophenolate mofetil, and prednisone with muromonab-CD3 induction, cyc...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1592/phco.19.10.891.31562
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Meta-analyses are key components of evidence-based decision making. The numbers of meta-analyses published in different areas of health care increased dramatically during the past 10 years. Many of them covered different pharmacologic interventions, making them useful resources to clinical pharmacists. Although a well...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1592/phco.19.9.741.31541
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Erectile dysfunction, a problem estimated to affect up to 30 million American men, is associated with a number of systemic illnesses and drugs. Age is not thought to be an independent risk factor for the disorder, but accompanying illnesses and their treatments may contribute to its onset. Newer classes of antihyperte...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1592/phco.19.8.573.31526
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We attempted to determine physician prescribing patterns of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in patients who experienced a myocardial infarction, stratified by left ventricular function. We retrospectively reviewed drug therapy at discharge in 534 patients to assess prescription of ACE inhibitor therapy,...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1592/phco.19.8.655.31524
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A retrospective study evaluated the success of dosages of simvastatin lower than the 10-20 mg/day recommended by the manufacturer in patients with hypercholesterolemia. Records of 95 patients enrolled in a pharmacist-managed lipid clinic receiving stable dosages of simvastatin were reviewed. Data collected were demogr...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1592/phco.19.6.399.31045
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 76-year-old man developed akinetic mutism after 3 days of receiving low-dosage baclofen. Electroencephalography showed a diffusely slow background with intermittent generalized sharp wave discharges. The condition resolved after discontinuing baclofen. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of baclofen-in...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1592/phco.19.6.468.31053
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We conducted a meta-analysis to determine what factors in treatment regimens for Helicobacter pylori are associated with increased discontinuation rates. Studies were selected from the 1990-1996 MEDLINE data base, and references in published articles and reviews were obtained. Each article was uniformally abstracted f...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1592/phco.19.4.324.30939
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although in the last few years new antidepressants have become available in the United States, responses in many patients differ, from none, to partial, to delayed therapeutic response to the agents. If the antidepressant properties of these drugs could be enhanced or accelerated, it might be possible to improve patie...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1592/phco.19.3.205.30921
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Carbamazepine is a potent anticonvulsant agent with proven efficacy in the treatment of partial and tonic-clonic seizures. An epileptic child treated with therapeutic dosages of carbamazepine developed severe hepatitis and hepatic insufficiency. She had a positive response to withdrawal of the drug and administration ...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1592/phco.19.3.252.30918
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oropharyngeal candidiasis may be the first manifestation of human immunodeficiency viral (HIV) infection, and more than 90% of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) develop the disease. Although numerous antifungal agents are available, azoles, both topical (clotrimazole) and systemic (fluconazol...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1592/phco.19.1.76.30509
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs) are safe and effective in the treatment of venous thromboembolic disease. Since they require less therapeutic monitoring than unfractionated heparin and may be administered to outpatients, it is possible to decrease overall health care costs of patients diagnosed with deep vein th...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Levonorgestrel implants (Norplant) are an alternative to oral contraceptives and medroxyprogesterone acetate intramuscular injections. An interaction may exist between levonorgestrel and agents that induce the hepatic microsomal enzyme system. A 21-year-old woman with a history of a seizure disorder, treated with phen...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We conducted a retrospective analysis to evaluate the relationship between anxiolytic or hypnotic therapy and maintenance of therapy with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Subjects were 654 patients who received anxiolytics or hypnotics early in SSRI therapy (study group ) and 15,172 patients who did no...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To describe the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of fludarabine in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). DESIGN:Open-label, staggered trial conducted in conjunction with a phase I-II clinical trial. SETTING:Government research hospital. PATIENTS:Twenty-six patients with refractory RA. INTERV...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of amphotericin B triglyceride emulsion in 16 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related candidal esophagitis and cryptococcosis, compared with standard amphotericin B in 24 patients. Compared with the conventional formulation, the fat emulsion was administered ...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) remains the major obstacle for successful allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). The frequency of grade II or higher acute GVHD ranges from 30-50% in human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched sibling transplants and 50-80% in HLA-matched unrelated transplants. The mortality an...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatic drug metabolism is altered in critically ill patients. The etiology and mechanisms of the alterations are not clearly understood and are difficult to address in clinical studies. For this reason, in vitro and animal models were developed to investigate the effects of critical illness on hepatic drug metabolism...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fluoxetine hydrochloride is the sixth most prescribed drug in the United States and is administered to treat major depression. A cadaveric skin donation was obtained from a 46-year-old woman who died as a result of a fluoxetine overdose. Due to the potential penetration of the drug and its major metabolite, norfluoxet...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the effect of a standard meal on bioavailability of bromfenac, and on the relative analgesic efficacy and adverse effect liability of bromfenac 25 mg, naproxen sodium 550 mg, and acetaminophen 325 mg in the treatment of pain after orthopedic surgery. DESIGN:Randomized, double-blind, single...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Agitation in the elderly, manifested by verbal and physical aggression, frequently results in increased morbidity and mortality for nursing home residents and reduced morale for the family and nursing home staff. It is also responsible for increased costs associated with caring for these residents. Pharmacologic inter...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::After injecting the solution extracted from a Primatene Mist inhaler, a patient experienced epinephrine overdose that resulted in an acute myocardial infarction and acute renal failure. The exact amount of epinephrine injected was unknown, but was thought to be between 82.5 and 124 mg, more than 25 times higher than t...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine the extent of hospital-based clinical pharmacy services in 1995, we surveyed 1109 United States acute care, general, medical-surgical, and pediatric hospitals with 50 or more licensed beds. Fifteen clinical pharmacy services were assessed to determine pharmacists' specific patient care responsibilities. T...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clarithromycin is rarely reported to cause disturbances in anticoagulation. Theoretically, clarithromycin administered concurrently with warfarin could result in enhanced anticoagulation, since many properties of clarithromycin are similar to those of erythromycin, which interacts with warfarin. A search of the Nation...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the pharmacokinetics and plasma protein binding of eprosartan in hepatic disease. DESIGN:Single-dose, parallel-group study. SETTING:Oklahoma Foundation for Digestive Research, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. PATIENTS:Eight healthy subjects with norm...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the effect of endotoxemia on alpha1-adrenergic receptor-mediated smooth muscle contraction as measured by mean arterial pressure (MAP) in response to incremental doses of a vasopressor. Twelve male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to receive parenteral nutrition alone (PN) or in combination with a c...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atorvastatin calcium is an HMG-coenzyme A (CoA) reductase inhibitor that was approved by the Food and Drug Administration on December 17, 1996. Like other such agents, it inhibits the action of HMG-CoA reductase and thereby decreases endogenous cholesterol synthesis, leading to a decrease in circulating low-density li...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::An area of unidirectional conduction block is one requirement for reentrant arrhythmias to occur. Functional block caused by dispersion of repolarization and refractoriness is the most probable mechanism of drug-induced unidirectional conduction block. We assessed the effects of lidocaine on spatial dispersion of myoc...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiotoxicity due to tacrolimus is documented infrequently in the medical literature. Sinus bradycardia associated with intravenous tacrolimus occurred in a 15-year-old orthotopic liver transplant recipient. The mechanism of this adverse effect is unknown; however, it does not appear to be concentration dependent, an...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Paclitaxel is a mainstay in the treatment of ovarian and breast cancers, and its use in other malignancies is being explored. Although it has great clinical utility, the drug and its formulation components pose a number of challenges to pharmacists and nurses. Paclitaxel is insoluble in water and is formulated in an e...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00